Optimized CRT programming is associated with earlier and better response to therapy including improved LV dP/dt, increased aortic VTI and LV filling time, improved LV function and, ultimately, improved clinical outcomes. However, CRT programming can be challenging. Optimal AV delays vary between patients and optimal AV and VV delays for individual patients change over time necessitating individualized and ongoing optimization. Traditional echo-based optimization methods of optimization require a skilled echo sonographer and coordination of clinical services which creates time, cost and other resource constraints.
Used with coronary angiography, fractional flow reserve (FFR) can accurately identify which lesions in a patient with complex coronary artery disease are causing significant blockage. FFR measures changes in hemodynamic pressure to supplement the visual data provided by angiography.